Social Revolution:

The October revolution in Russia in 1917 and also the Cuban revolution laid based for the capitalist. The term Social revolution denotes the turmoil which is characterized by the smash of the property relations that were existing. Political revolutions stand in contrast to the social revolutions where the property relations are mostly left undamaged instead the government is altered or replaced.

Alexander Berkman explained that the reorganization of the economic and the industrial life of the country as social revolution. He also added that this would even change the entire structure of the society. French revolution is a good example for social revolution which has created a massive change in the society.

The Shi’a school of thought explains that when any form of governments becomes autocratic or dictatorial then the need for social revolution would emerge. This Islamic view has been the bottom line of the Islamic Revolution which hopes that the most prominent thing in human’s fundamental need is the moral freedom. There are so many dictators throughout the world who challenged this philosophy.

The combination of massive class upheavals and the thoroughgoing structural transformation is social revolution says Theda Skocpol. Samual P. Huntington has referred social revolution as a violent domestic change in the social structure of the society which also affects the government policies and activities and the leadership. The myths of the society and the dominant values of the society is being changed in this process which affects also the political institutions of the society.

If we Spanish revolution for instance, it has begun in 1936 during the Spanish Civil War and has resulted in the implementation of organizational principle for two to three years by the socialist in various parts of the country. There are also extensive implementations of anarchist. Attempts on collectivization enactment were heavily opposed by the Soviet- allied party and the Communist Party. Workers run the factories and even the agrarian areas have become libertarian communes. In this social revolution, the workers have started managing the hotels and the restaurants.

The members of Confederacion Nacional del Trabajo have coordinated the collectivization effort. Later this collectivization was supported by the non-anarchist socialist Union General de Trabajodores who have actively put themselves in implementing the collectivization.

On the other hand the industrial revolution with its great impact in the mining, transport, agriculture and even technology. Starting from United Kingdom all throughout the Europe, the impact of industrial revolution is felt. These major changes have taken place from 18^th to 19^th century.

Questions:

• What is social revolution?
• How does Shia’s school of thought define Social revolution?