Foundation of Political Science:

Political science in broader scope covers the theory and practice of politics. It analyses the political behavior and the political system of a country. Political scientists reveal the relationships in the political events and conditions. Keeping the revelation about the political events and the conditions as the basis the political scientists build the general principles.

The political science is itself appropriates many methods in the social research through its methodically diverse approach on the interpretivism, behavioral, structuralism, institutionalism, and realism.  

Concerning the foundations of the political science, the main focus is to intersect the philosophical, psychological and empirical approaches. These foundations of the Political theory strive hard for the advancement in the linkage of political theory and philosophy. One can study the permanent dimension of political life starting from the design of the institutions and its political practices ending up to the terms and conditions utilized to interpret the previous one.

The foundations of the political science include the political philosophies, the purposes of the government, the citizenship, the structure of the political institutions, and the current issues that are involved.   

Politics is viewed as the struggle over the allocation of benefits and privileges. Government holds the responsibility of resolving the conflicts that arise in a country allocating the privileges and the benefits equally to the citizens.

There are three governments or political systems that are observed: The first one is a totalitarian government which exhibits unlimited power and has the ability to determine who the winners and the losers should be. A good example can be the Nazi government. The Second one is the Authoritarian government which is dominant strongly influencing in deciding the winners and losers. The third one is a Democratic government where the individual has certain which the government can never remove from him.

Similarly there are three types of economic systems: The first one is Capitalism which places the ownership in the hands of private individuals. The second one is Socialism which places the ownership in the hands of government and the third one is communism which places the ownership in the hands of the workers.

In the foundations of Political Science there are three principles of a democratic government: The first one is the popular sovereignty which states that there is a right of all citizens to vote. The election here is free, fair and also frequent. The second one is the political equity which states one person should pole one vote. The third one is Political liberty which states that the citizens have the freedom to participate in the processes which has the ability to convert popular will to a public policy.

Questions

• What are the three governments in the basics of political science?
• What is the role of political scientists?