Momentum

Momentum is defined as the product of the mass and the velocity of a body.

Types of  Momentum:

• Linear momentum
• Angular momentum

1) Liner momentum:-

A body in liner motion possesses linear momentum.

If the linear momentum (p) of a body of mass moving with a velocity v is given by

 Momentum = mass x velocity

 P = mv

The unit of momentum can be obtained by multiplying the unit of mass by the unit & velocity.

Thus the SI unit of momentum is kilogram meter per second (kgm/s) and its CGs unit is gram centimeter per second (gcm/s).

Momentum is a vector as it is the product of a scalar (mass) and a vector (velocity). Its direction is same as that of velocity.

P = mv

The dimension of momentum can be found in following manner.

[momentum] = [mass]  [velocity]

= [m¹ L⁰ T⁰] [M⁰ L¹ T¹]

2)Angular momentum :-

A body in rotational motion possesses angular momentum. Angular momentum is also called as moment of momentum or rotational momentum. Angular momentum is conserved vector quantity that can be used to describe the overall state of a physical system. If the angular momentum (L) of a body with respect to some poling of origin is

L = R x P

L = r x mv

Therefore, L = mvr

Where,R = position body

P = liner momentum

The angular momentum of a system of a rigid body is the sum of angular. Moment of the   individual bodies.

The angular momentum for a rigid body notating around am airs of symmetry is the product of the body’s moment of inertia I (a measure of an object’s resistance to change in its rotation and its angular velocity w

L : IW

In this way, sometimes angular momentum is described as the rotational anolog as the rotational analog of linear momentum. If there is no eternal torque in system then angular momentum is conserved.