Gravitational Mechanics

As the universe M expands, the potential energy PE of (M-m) ,relative to mass m, decreases and because the total energy of the universe is a constant, the kinetic energy of the mass m, relative to the rest of the universe (M-m), must increase. This is accomplished by an acceleration of the mass m. In an equilibrium state of an expanding universe, the mass m is continually accelerating relative to the center of mass of the effective universe, by rotation or revolution about that center of this mass. This is called its mass. MASS m can be said to be the result of the effect of the expansion of the rest of the universe on the density of the energy of m.

Mass m exists because of the expansion of the universe relative to the mass m . It has been calculated that, at equilibrium, the values of PE and KE are nearly the same and the planets and moons travel in nearly circular orbits at a distance L from the center of mass (M-m).Two bodies attract each other with equal and opposite forces; the magnitude of this force is proportional to the product of the two masses and is also proportional to the product of the two masses and is also proportional to the inverse square o the distance between the centers of mass of the two bodies.

F = G. M. m / r²

where m and M are the masses of the two bodies, r is the distance between the two, and G is the gravitational constant, whose value is:

G = 6.67. 10^-11 Newton.metre²/kg²

the force with which the Earth attracts bodies situated near to its surface is called body's weight.

The weight of a mass m, located on the Earth's surface is:

P = m. g

this expression is an immediate consequence of the Universal Gravitation Law and of Newton's Second Law.

Under normal conditions, the value of g is approximately equal to 9.8 meters/second