MARTHA ROGERS

Biography of Martha Rogers

Martha Elizabeth Rogers was born on 12^th May of 1914 in Dallas, Texas. She has done a two years undergraduate course in science. She did her Diploma in Nursing in the year 1936, B.S.N in Public Health Nursing in the year 1937 from George Peabody College, Master’s degree in Public Health in the year 1945 from Teacher’s College, Columbia University, M.P.H in the year 1951 from John Hopkins University and Sc.D in the year 1954. She worked as a Nursing Consultant in Michigan. She was Director, Visiting Nurse Association in Phoenix.

She has published Educational Revolution in Nursing in the year 1961, Nursing Science Journal in the year 1963 and Reveille in Nursing in the year 1964. She was first to publish the nurse-human relationships as a model in the year 1970 along with her publication on introduction to the theoretical basis of nursing. Martha Rogers had 21 years of experience in both professional Professors designation from New York University and Head of Nursing division. She retired in the year 1975 after a successful completion of her professional experience.After her retirement she became Professor Emeritus in the year 1979. She continued her profession till her death. She died on 13^thmarch,1994 at her 80^thage.

Martha Rogers defined nursing as 'verb' rather than as 'noun' According to Rogers, nursing is active interaction of individual and environment. Nursing strengthens the interaction and improves health potentiality to the maximum level.

Conceptual framework

Martha Rogers developed nursing theory based on conceptual framework developed by Barrett in the year 2000. Major concern of Rogers in development of theory has four concepts viz. individual, health, nursing and environment. Assumptions for framework derivation are as follows.

• Wholeness: Human being as a whole and not as part of concept
• Openness: Interaction of individual with environment
• Unidirectionality: Processing
• Pattern: Identification of individuals
• Thought: Sense of human beings

Principles of nursing theory

There are three principles of homeodynamic underlying with nursing theory.

• Mutual effect on each other during the interaction of nursing and environment
• Helicy: Diversity percentage increases with continuous energy patterns
• Resonance: Energy field changes continuously