CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Introduction

Until the evolution of clinical microbiology, treatment of infections remained a nightmare. Evolution of clinical microbiology is sort of clinical requirement. For past two decades, bacteria were considered as infectious agents. Clinical microbiology helps in easy categorization of causative agents and its effective treatment of pathogenic infection. Clinical microbiology is considered as sibling of microbiological science. R. Porter gave a neat description of clinical microbiology as ‘clinical microbiology helps in revealing the root of history’. The objective of clinical microbiology is to obtain knowledge to improve the betterment of life.

Clinical microbiology is technical innovation of science. It influence anti infective therapy which requires microbial etiology in order to respond to technical innovation. It is a common practice of organization and profession physicians as it is a mirror image of political climate. The clinical biology developed various stains to indicate the presence of organisms. With this gram staining ocean of bacteria is diversified as gram positive and gram negative. This is based on staining reaction with cells, source and anatomical examination. For instance Corynebacterium diphtheria, mycobacteria was identified by acid fast stains which lead to the formation of specific antiserum. Antiserum is an emerging technology of 20^th century and is used on clinical basis. They are used to detect the isolate with therapeutic application.

Clinical microbiology incorporates other disciplines such as hematology, chemistry and serology as single discipline clinical pathology. During World War-II, clinical microbiology helped in development of military hospitals by designing media of different base. It helps in easy detection of infectious agents and foreign substance in troop. Clinical microbiology laboratory were began to rise during 1960s. Procedure of clinical microbiology is much more in coordination with infectious or pathogenic disease treatment. Clinical microbiologists are so keen in knowing the close human biosphere interloper. Antimicrobial agent is used to control the effect of infection. By proper utilization of technical skill of clinical microbiologists, profession can develop emerging technologies to adopt human biosphere.

Questions:

• Give a short note on clinical microbiology procedures.
• Define experience of clinical microbiology laboratory with enterotube.
• In what way clinical microbiology benefit the human system?
• Describe how multi laboratory evaluation is achieved in automated microbiology identification system?  
• How clinical microbiology procedures target specific causative agent?
• Describe the principle of identification scheme.