Sports Physiology

Sports physiology is the study of how the human body functions during the sport performance. The main objective of sports physiology is improving the performance during sports. The movement of humans is a scientific sub discipline which concerns about the human movements including that in sports. The sports science study is in correlation with areas of interest such as psychology, physiology, biomechanics and motor control. It also includes the other fields such as diet, nutrition, sports technology, and performance analysis and anthropometry kinanthropometry. The individual specialized in sports physiologists are in demand. Through the research and development in sports science, sports physiologists can understand the body mechanism including exercise, training and various stimuli.

The sports physiology was introduced in early Greek period. One such denoted Greek physician is Galen has given nearly 87 essays on the health and nutrition, aerobic fitness of an individual and strengthening of muscles. The ancient Greek physicians has planned and arranged for training in diets of Olympic persons. Later they developed principles which are used till date. During the renaissance physicians and anatomists started challenging already existing theories with the growth of emerging technologies. The universities were developed all around the globe. New scholars though went beyond notions of early Greek physicians. In middle of 19^th century medical schools were started in United States. The medical publications in journal have increased tremendously during this academic period. The first American physician who studied response of physiology is Austin Flint. The first department in physiology, anatomy and physical training was created by George Wells Fitz of 1860 – 1934 at Harvard University in the year 1891. The Nobel Prize in Physiology was awarded to August Krogh of 1874 - 1949 for inventing the mechanism which controls the capillary flow of blood in resting muscle and active muscle in the year 1920.

Questions:

• What is sports physiology?
• Brief out history of sports physiology.
• Describe sports science.