Genetics

The word genetics was derived from Greek word meaning genitive. The branch of biological science that deals about genes, variation and heredity in viable organisms is referred as genetics. Genetics are concerned about molecular structure of a gene and function of gene along with behavior of gene in regards to cell of an organism. It also includes inheritance pattern study of parents and offsprings, gene distribution, changes and variations in a population. Genetics includes study of all living organisms such as plants, animals, and humans.

The concept of selective breeding and inheritance traits formation from parents are known only by genetic study. The modern genetics was first introduced by Gregor Mendel somewhere in the middle of 19^th century. Mendel was the first to observe the inheritance trait pattern as discrete units which are now referred as genes. The genes are part of DNA material which comprises four different types of nucleotides. Genetics simply play a great role in predicting the behavior and appearance of an organism.  

The applied work and theoretical work of Gregor Mendel began the genetic history, and other theories such as inheritance was preceded the Mendel research. Blending inheritance was one such concept introduced by Mendel where the smooth blend is inherited from the originator that is parents. Classical genetics was founded by Gregor Mendel and his experiments were done on pea plants. Thomas Hunt Morgan implied that genes are located in chromosomes and on this basis mutation was studied. Genetic linkage was introduced by Alfred Sturtevant in the year 1913 and demonstrated that genes are located linearly on the chromosomes. Genes are located in chromosomes and chromosomes include both protein and DNA material. The geneticists were not sure which of protein or DNA is responsible for inheritance. Later in the year 1928 Frederick Griffith explained transformation.

Questions:

• What is genetics?
• What is classical genetics?
• What is modern genetics?