Anesthesiology

The word anesthesia was derived from Greek word 'an' meaning without, ‘aisthesis’ meaning sensation. The branch of science that deals about condition of sensation being blocked or taken away temporarily including the feel of paining is referred as anesthesiology. The anesthesia is induced pharmacologically and the reverse state such as loss of responsiveness, analgesia, amnesia, skeletal muscles are lost; stress response is decreased in a simultaneous manner. Anesthesia allows individual to undergo surgery and all other instance without any stress and feel of pain. The other definitions for anesthesia are lack of awareness is a means of reversible type. General anesthesia provides complete lack of conscious. Specific anesthesia provides lack of awareness in specific part of a body. The word anesthesia was first introduced by scientist named Oliver Wendell Holmes in the year 1846. The individual who are physically trained in anesthesia is referred as anesthesiologists. They are regarded as perioperative physician that is an all around physicians.

Types of Anesthesia

Following are various types of anesthesia.

• Regional anesthesia: The most part of the body can be insensate just by blocking the transmission of nerves which is located in between parts of a body and spinal cord. Types of regional anesthesia are as follows.
  • Spinal anesthesia
  • Epidural anesthesia
• General anesthesia: It refers to complete inhibition of senses, motor nerve transmission, sensory nerve transmission and sympathetic nerve transmission at all the level of brain there by ending in lack of sensation or unconsciousness.
• Local anesthesia: It induces sensory perception in a specific part of body. For instance urinary bladder and teeth.
• Dissociative anesthesia: This type of anesthesia includes the use of agents and thereby inhibits the transmission existing in between center of the brain, and also at the lowest center for instance limbic system.

Questions:

• What is anesthesia?
• Define types of anesthesia in detail.
• Brief out the history of anesthesia.