Gender

Gender is a set of characteristics referred to the socially constructed roles, behavior, activities and attributes that a particular society considers appropriate for men and women.

Categories of Gender:

There are two basic sex categories "Male" and "female", while "masculine" and "feminine" are gender categories. Each aspects of sex will not vary between different human societies substantially.

Few examples of sex characteristics:

• Women menstruate while men do not
• Men have testicles while women do not
• Men generally have more massive bones than women

Few examples of gender characteristics:

• In the most of the other countries and United States, women earn significantly less money than men for similar work
• In Viet Nam, many more men than women smoke, even though female smoking has not considered traditionally.
• In Saudi Arabia, men’s are allowed to drive cars while women’s are not
• In most of the countries, women do more housework than men

Sociological Gender:

Gender identity is a self- identifying person gender. The logic of being a woman is considered to have more challenges. Women’s are not only viewing as a social category but also as a sense of self, a culturally constructed identity. The term “woman” has been used to refer the female body, in the definement of “woman”. There are such qualitative analyses which explore and present the representations of gender. The feminist challenges the dominant ideologies of the gender roles and sex.

A Social identity refers to the common identification of a social category which creates a common culture among participants. According to the social identity theory, an important component of the self-concept is derived from the memberships in social groups and categories; it is demonstrated by group processes and how inter-group relationships significantly impact on individual’s self perception and behaviors. These groups belong to the members, states with the definition of who they are and how they should behave with the society.

Distinguishing between males and females into their social roles creates binaries, where individuals feel to be at one end of a spectrum and must identify themselves as man or woman. These global communities interpret biological factors between men and women to create a set of social expectations which define the appropriate behaviors for men and women. The specific nature and degree of these differences will vary from one society to another. They typically favor for men and create an imbalance in power and gender inequalities.