Modern Era or Modern History is described as the historical timeline or period after the middle Ages, or the period starting from the last quarter of the 20^th century. Modern Era can be further classified into Early Modern Period and Late Modern Period. Early Modern Era started in 16^th century when major events caused the Western Countries to meet changes like Fall of Constantinople (1453), Discovery of America (1492) and Protest Reformations of Martin Luther King (1517). Early Modern European History of 15^th century, Age of Reason of 17^th century, Age of Enlightenment of 18^th century and Industrial Revolutions of 19^th century are some of the important events of Early Modern Era.

The Study of Modern Era is a difficult one because we have to consider the consistency of information from the historical records since a plethora of such historical records is available up to this present age. The Early Modern Period is considered to be the period from 1500 to 1800. It follows the Late Middle Ages and it is a noticeable period for the events like First European Colonies, Rise of Centralized Governments, and Beginning of Nation States and so on. Muslim Expansion was widely over North and Earth Africa in this period. The Great Mughal Empire was founded in Indian Sub-Continent. In this period, end of Muslim world expansion and end of crusades of Christianity took place.

The important facts and significant events of Early Modern Period are:

• The Renaissance
• Reformation
• Printing Presses
• English Civil War
• Age of Discovery
• Concept of Capitalism

Late Modern Period refers to the period of Modernity following period from the 17^th century. The events and changes of the Late Modern Era brought changes in thinking and new thoughts and approach. It is considered as the age of revolutions which had a great impact on the revolutions in America and France. Political Economical changes of this period resulted in Industrial Revolution, the American Revolution and French Revolution.

Some of the important facts and events in the Late Modern Period or Era are:

• Age of Reason or Age of Rationalism
• Age of Enlightenment of Western Philosophy
• Victorian Era of United Kingdom
• Romantic Era or Romanticism

The emergence of the Modernism concept of the Modern era has brought the important social and economic changes in nations all around the world. Some of the important changes made by the Modern era are Industrializations, Spread of Social Movements, Individualism, Democracy, Mass Literacy, Development of Science and Technology, Urbanization and so on.