Crime Scene Investigation is a very critical step or process in the investigation of a crime. A crime scene investigator has the responsibilities like identifying the criminals, collecting data or information about the criminals or suspects, collecting evidences and submission of the collected details to the Criminal Justice system.

Evidence collection is the important phase of Crime Scene Investigation process and it can be classified into two main types such as Testimonial Evidences and Physical Evidences. Testimonial evidences are the evidences that are collected from the victims or the witnesses which may be in spoken or written form. Physical evidences like the evidences around a crime scene such as footprints, hand prints, hair, narcotics, impressions and all types of biological materials are considered as silent witnesses of the crime and it plays an important role in the investigation process.

First step of the Crime Scene Investigation starts from the first information or the first responder related to the crime such as the first person who informed the police or the ambulance driver who helped the victim, etc.  First responder is given importance in investigation because the criminal who committed the crime may be there when the first responder reaches that location of crime. Law enforcement agencies such as the police force take care of securing the crime scene with the procedures like keeping public away from the scene, hanging yellow tapes around the scene to declare as restricted area, etc. Police or the Initial Investigation Officers record the testimonial evidences from the public to get the clues on the people involved in the crime scene.

Searching the criminals around the area of the crime scene is the important phase in investigations. Strip wise, grid wise and zone wise searches are done in the crime scene area to find the criminals.  Evidence collection processes like collecting blood samples, biological materials, impressions, glass, paint chips, etc., are the first step in the investigation process. Markings and photographing, videotaping, and written notes are the next steps of the crime scene investigation and they take part in the investigation process and can be used as evidences in later investigations. Investigation officers provide first-aid to the injured victims found in the crime scene and they will gather the evidences from them and provide proper protection to the victims and witnesses of the crime.

Crime scene investigation provides the permanent records of the crime and the materials that are collected at the crime scenes are packaged and labeled, and then submitted to the criminal justice system as evidences. Crime scene is the place of the “real” justice if it is investigated properly using the evidences and resources by an efficient investigator.