Electronics Engineering

Electronics engineering, referred as electronic engineering, is an engineering discipline which uses the scientific knowledge of the behavior and effects of electrons to develop components, devices, systems, or equipment (as in electron tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, and printed circuit boards) that uses electricity as part of its driving force. It is one of the broad engineering field that encompass many subfields including those that deal with power, instrumentation engineering, telecommunications, semiconductor circuit design, and many others.

In the electronic engineering field, engineers design and test circuits that use the electromagnetic properties of electrical components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes and transistors to achieve a particular functionality. The tuner-circuit, which allows the user of a radio to filter out all but a single station, is just one example of such a circuit.

In the process of designing an integrated circuit, electronics engineers first construct circuit schematics that specify the electrical components and describe the interconnections between them. When designing process  is completed, VLSI engineers convert the schematics into actual layouts, which map the layers of various conductor and semiconductor materials needed to construct the circuit. The conversion of schematics to layouts can be done by software but very often requires human fine-tuning to decrease space and power consumption. Once the layout is complete, it can be sent to a fabrication plant for manufacturing.

Sectors in Electronic Engineering

Microprocessors:

Many engineers now days, specialize in the development of programs for microprocessor based electronic systems, known as embedded systems. Due to this, detailed knowledge of the hardware that is required for doing this, it is normally done by electronics engineers and not software engineers. Software engineers only know and use microprocessors only at a conceptual level. Electronics engineers who mainly carry out the role of programming embedded systems or microprocessors are referred to as "embedded systems engineers", or "firmware engineers".