Object-Oriented Programming

The term object refers to identify items with some properties or characteristics. An Object is composed of bundle of functions and procedures, which in particular relate to real world concept such as Employee No, Student No etc. Other related software can access these objects only by either calling their functions or procedures. Object Oriented-programming language has been developed mainly for maintaining the quality of the software .The Object oriented programming technology mainly focuses on the data rather than the process. The object oriented programming otherwise known as oop uses data structures, which in turns consists of data fields, and methods. This object-oriented program is completely different from the existing method known as modular programming, or structured programming, which has been in existence for many years. This programming method focuses on the function of the module rather than the data, this modular programming also supports reusing of the code and linking the units of the programming for further useage. Coming to the object oriented programming method this method focuses on data rather than the process of the program., The data consists of classes or modules each module consists of instances or objects that contain all the necessary information needed for the progress of the program or members. An object-oriented program may thus be viewed as a collection of interacting objects. In OOP, each object is capable of receiving messages, processing data, and sending messages to other objects.  The object oriented programming uses the techniques that include features such as Data Abstraction, Encapsulation, Polymorphism, Inheritance, and Modularity. All the modern day languages support OOP concepts.

Abstraction:

Abstraction refers to the main features of the data, which does not explain the inner details. Classes make use of this concept of abstraction.

Encapsulation:

Its is nothing but wrapping of the functional details of a class from objects that send messages to it.

Polymorphism:

Refers to the ability of calling the methods of objects with same name but with different data types.