Nano Electronics

Nano electronics is the use of nanotechnology on electronic components particularly transistors. However the term nanotechnology is commonly defined as utilizing technology less than 100 nm in size, nano electronics denotes to transistor devices that are small that inter-atomic interactions and quantum mechanical properties require to be studied extensively. Consequently, present transistors do not fall under this category in spite of these devices are produced with 45 nm, 32nm, or 22nm technology.

Nano electronics are at times believed as disruptive technology since present candidates are notably different from conventional transistors. Such candidates comprise of hybrid molecular electronics, one dimensional nano tubes or advanced molecular electronics. In addition, there are certain approaches to nano electronics that include: nanofabrication, nanomaterials electronics, and molecular electronics etc.

Nano electromechanical systems

For instance single electron transistors which include transistor operation based on a single electron based on a single electron. Nano electromechanical systems also come under this classification. Nanofabrication can be used to build ultra-dense parallel arrays of nanowires, as an alternative to synthesizing nanowires individually.  And besides being small and permitting more transistors to be packed into a single chip, the uniform and symmetrical structure of nanotubes permits higher electron mobility, a higher dielectric continuous and a symmetrical electron feature.

Constructive reconfigurable computing

Separate molecule devices are another possibility. These schemes would make heavy use of molecular self-assembly, designing the device elements to build a larger structure or even a complete system on their own. This can be very constructive for reconfigurable computing and may even completely substitute present FPGA technology. Molecular electronics is a new technology which is still in its infancy, but also brings hope for truly atomic scale electronic systems in the future.

Molecular electronics

One of the more promising applications of molecular electronics was proposed by the IBM researcher Ari Aviram and the theoretical chemist Mark Ratner in their year 1974 and 1988 papers molecules for memory, logic and amplification. This is one of many possible ways in which a molecular level diode might be synthesized by organic chemistry. A model system was proposed with a spiro carbon structure giving a molecular diode about half a nanometer across which could be connected by polythiophene molecular wires.

Further nano electronics holds the promise of making computer processors more powerful than are possible with traditional semiconductor fabrication methods. Several approaches are presently being studied comprising new forms of nanolithography as well as the use of nanomaterials like nanowires or small molecules in place of conventional CMOS elements.

Questions:

• What is nano electronics?
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