Analysis of Protein Sequence

Proteins are made up of 20 building blocks termed as amino acids. Constituents of amino acids are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen molecules. Representation of proteins appeared to be a primitive research work in the field of biochemistry. Alfred Sanger won the Nobel Prize for sequencing insulin for the first time. Early in 1960’s, even though the proteins were sequenced, there was no computer technologies to analyze its structure. Scientist used to assemble the proteins, analyze them by writing on paper. Laboratory examinations referred as optimal alignment or pattern matching. Later, computer biologist developed a method which helped the scientist to manipulate the gene expression and analyze the sequence as well.

Reading protein sequences

Amino acids are linked together by peptide bond referred as polypeptide chain. It has –NH₂ as amino terminal and –COOH as carboxy terminal. Amino group and carboxy group are linked together by peptide bond CO-NH. This clearly indicates that proteins are read from N-terminal to C-terminal of the polypeptide chain. Reading protein sequence plays a vital role for scientific convention.

Analysis of protein 3D structure

Biological properties of protein are determined by 3D structure of protein. The 3D structure of protein was first proposed by Dr. Kendrew and Perutz in the year 1958. He analyzed with the help of X-ray crystallography and won Nobel Prize for the invention in the field of molecular biology. Protein shape, folding and amino acids present in the polypeptide chain predict function of protein referred as structural bioinformatics.  Protein analysis helps in

• Structure of protein like primary, secondary and tertiary proteins can be easily predicted.
• Alignment of proteins prediction.
• Evolutionary biology depicts the evolution relationship between various types of organisms and phylogenetic trees.
• Easy classification of protein families.
• Prediction of protein domain organization, weight, composition of amino acids and isoelectric point helps in effortless research.