Evolution of population

When a pool of gene changes over a period of time, it is referred as evolution. Hereditary that can pass genetic information from one generation to other generation is a gene. Gene pool occurs in communities or species population. When the same species of organism occurs in geographical area it is referred as population. When an organism is developed from common ancestor it is also referred as evolution. The theory of first organism evolution is referred as evolutionary theory. It is also called as abiogenesis. Natural selection is a type of evolutionary mechanism. Evolution and morphological change cannot react independently. The change in physical appearance which is transferred to next generation during reproduction cannot be an evolutionary process. When genetic changes take place, obvious physical changes are evolutionary evident.

History of evolution of population

Biston betularia is an English moth also called as peppered moth set a best example for evolution of organism. Color morphology change as light and dark defines how evolution of population took place. Dr. Henry Bernard Davis Kettle well, British doctor and lepidopterist was the first to observe such evolutionary changes in peppered moth in the year 1848. He found that dark moth frequency is less and later increased gradually when light moth changed slowly to dark moth. The development of dark moth led to natural selection of population. He also suggested that colour morphology of a moth is determined by a single gene. Obviously it is change in gene pool. This change of gene pool is referred as evolution of population.

Instance of natural selection

In the 18^th century merge many industries are established by industrial revolution. As a result birds started catching light moths and ate them. This led to the decrease in light moth and increase in dark moths. Rate of recurrence of dark moth offspring slowly but surely increases during a period of time and are referred as natural selection.

Population evolution process

Community formed by a single individual is referred as population evolution. But for a population to undergo a variation it can never lead to evolution as it retains the same genetic type. Evolution of population has different genetic phenotype that led to genetic variation. Evolutionary process can be summarized as

• Mutation of genes
• Species selection
• Evolution of population

Questions:

• How population evolution takes place?
• Explain mechanism of evolutionary population.
• Give obvious instance of evolutionary changes.