Bioreactor
The engineered device which shall support the active biological environment is referred as bioreactor. Bioreactor is a type of vessel where the chemical process includes the growth of microorganisms or biologically active substance. Bioreactor vessel operation can be either aerobic or anaerobic in nature.Bioreactor vessel is usually large and cylindrical in shape and is made of stainless steel. The size of Bioreactor vessel may vary from some to cubic meter. The microorganism grows inside the vessel. Bioreactor plays a vital role in the field of biochemical engineering and tissue engineering. Bioreactor is designed in such a way that it can be used for treating sewage water and waste water. Industrial bioreactor shall include the vessels, control system and sensors as a network system.
Classification of bioreactor:
Based on the mode of operation, bioreactors are classified as follows.
Microorganism’s growth inside the bioreactor vessel shall be suspended growth or immobilized growth. Immobilized growth of microorganisms shall occur in Petri dish on the agar gel. The large scale immobilized microorganisms are grown in following reactor types.
Photobioreactor:
Photobioreactor is a type of bioreactor which requires light as source for efficient performance. For this specially designed translucent container is used and are referred as PBR, it is more close to the closed system and are opposite to an open pond or tank. Phototropic organisms such as cyanobacteria, moss, algae or plants are grown in photobioreactor. These organisms use photosynthesis as its energy source and it does not require lipids or sugars as its energy source. The contamination with other organisms is less in photobioreactor and however heterotrophic organisms grow in case of bioreactor vessel.
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